Generic Name : Oxytetracycline
TradeName : Terak and Terramycin with Polymyxin B
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : It is used in Treatment of eye infections caused by certain bacteria. Oxytetracycline/Polymyxin B Sulfate Ointment is an antibiotic combination which works by interfering with the bacteria's cell wall synthesis and the production of the bacteria's proteins.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Donot take Oxytetracycline • if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding • if you are taking any prescribed or nonprescribed medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement • if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
How it should be taken : • Before using this medication in the eye, first, wash your hands. After using the medication, gently close your eyes for 1 to 2 minutes. • Do not touch applicator tip to prevent germs from contaminating your medicine. Always try to keep the container tightly closed.
Special Instruction :
• Take Oxytetracycline/Polymyxin B Sulfate Ointment for the full duration treatment. If you do not your infection may not clear completely. • Long-term or repeated use of Oxytetracycline/Polymyxin B Sulfate Ointment may cause a secondary infection. Inform your doctor if signs of a secondary infection occur. • Oxytetracycline/Polymyxin B Sulfate Ointment effective only against bacteria; it does not treat viral infections (eg, the common cold). • PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Incase you become pregnant, contact your physician.
Side Effects :
1. The medication can cause increased sensitivity of skin to sunlight 2. Abdominal pain; bulging fontanel of infants; headache; loss of appetite; nausea and vomiting; visual changes; yellowing skin 3. Greatly increased frequency of urination or amount of urine; increased thirst; unusual tiredness or weakness 4. Pigmentation of skin and mucous membranes
Other Precautions :
Always advise patient, family, or caregiver that if more than 1 topical ophthalmic drug is being used,always instill eye drops first then wait at least for 5 mins, and then instill ointment last. • Inform patient that temporary blurred vision and stinging of the eye are the most common side effects with this medication • Advise patient to contact ophthalmologist if eye or eyelid inflammation is noted or if eye symptoms worsens.. • Advise patient to take entire course of therapy to ensure maximal benefit and to complete full course of therapy even if symptoms have resolved. • Always instruct patient not to wear contact lenses during treatment.
Storage Conditions :
• Always keep the medicine out of the reach of children. • Store the medicine away from heat and direct sunlight.
Showing posts with label O. Show all posts
Showing posts with label O. Show all posts
Oxybutynin Chloride
Generic Name : Oxybutynin Chloride
TradeName : Cystran, Noctorin, Oxybutin, Oxyspas, Tropan
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oxybutynin is used to relieve urinary and bladder difficulties, including frequent urination and inability to control urination.
When it is to be taken : Oxybutynin is usually taken two or three times a day. Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand.
How it should be taken : Oxybutynin comes in the form of tablets and oral liquid. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose. You may obtain a specially marked measuring spoon to be sure of an accurate dose of the liquid.
Special Instruction :
1. Oxybutynin can affect mental alertness and coordination. Do not drive a car or operate any dangerous machinery until you know how it affects you.
2. Keep all appointments with your doctor so that your response to Oxybutynin can be evaluated. Your doctor may discontinue this medication from time to time.
3. if you forget to take a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if you remember a missed dose at the time you are scheduled to take the next one, take only the scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose.
Side Effects :
1. Dry mouth. Suck sugarless hard candies.
2. Sensitivity to bright light. Wear dark glasses. Blurred vision, dry eyes, decreased sweating, flushing, nausea, drowsiness. Contact your doctor if these effects persist or become severe.
3. Fever, fast pulse, heart palpitations, restlessness, seizures, difficulty urinating, hallucinations. Contact your doctor.
Other Precautions :
1. Alcoholic beverages may increase the drowsiness caused by oxybutynin.
2. Before taking oxybutynin, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking.
3. Oxybutynin can affect certain medical conditions. Tell your doctor if you have heart, liver, kidney stomach, or intestinal disease; glaucoma; colitis; intestinal obstruction; an overactive thyroid or prostate gland; or myasthenia gravis.
4. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should inform their doctors before taking oxybutynin. Before surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist in charge that you are taking oxybutynin.
5. Do not allow anyone else to take this medication.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature.
3. Store the liquid away from direct sunlight.
TradeName : Cystran, Noctorin, Oxybutin, Oxyspas, Tropan
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oxybutynin is used to relieve urinary and bladder difficulties, including frequent urination and inability to control urination.
When it is to be taken : Oxybutynin is usually taken two or three times a day. Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand.
How it should be taken : Oxybutynin comes in the form of tablets and oral liquid. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose. You may obtain a specially marked measuring spoon to be sure of an accurate dose of the liquid.
Special Instruction :
1. Oxybutynin can affect mental alertness and coordination. Do not drive a car or operate any dangerous machinery until you know how it affects you.
2. Keep all appointments with your doctor so that your response to Oxybutynin can be evaluated. Your doctor may discontinue this medication from time to time.
3. if you forget to take a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if you remember a missed dose at the time you are scheduled to take the next one, take only the scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose.
Side Effects :
1. Dry mouth. Suck sugarless hard candies.
2. Sensitivity to bright light. Wear dark glasses. Blurred vision, dry eyes, decreased sweating, flushing, nausea, drowsiness. Contact your doctor if these effects persist or become severe.
3. Fever, fast pulse, heart palpitations, restlessness, seizures, difficulty urinating, hallucinations. Contact your doctor.
Other Precautions :
1. Alcoholic beverages may increase the drowsiness caused by oxybutynin.
2. Before taking oxybutynin, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking.
3. Oxybutynin can affect certain medical conditions. Tell your doctor if you have heart, liver, kidney stomach, or intestinal disease; glaucoma; colitis; intestinal obstruction; an overactive thyroid or prostate gland; or myasthenia gravis.
4. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should inform their doctors before taking oxybutynin. Before surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist in charge that you are taking oxybutynin.
5. Do not allow anyone else to take this medication.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature.
3. Store the liquid away from direct sunlight.
Oxtriphylline
Generic Name : Oxtriphylline
TradeName : Choliphylline, Choline theophyllinate
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oxtriphylline, a bronchodilator, relaxes and opens the air passages to the lungs, making it easier to breathe. It relieves shortness of breath, wheezing, and difficulty breathing caused by asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema. It also suppresses asthma caused by exercise.
When it is to be taken : Oxtriphylline usually is taken every 6,8, or 12 hours. Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand. Oxtriphylline must be taken regularly to be effective. You may need to take it for a long time. Do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor; stopping the drug can make your condition worse.
How it should be taken :
1. Oxtriphylline comes in the form of coated and sustained-action tablets and oral liquid. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose.
2. Take this medication with a full glass of water on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minut
Special Instruction :
1. Take Oxtriphylline exactly as your doctor has instructed. It can be harmful if you take more of it or take it more often than as directed.
2. Keep all appointments with your doctor. Your doctor will want to evaluate your response to Oxtriphylline. If your condition dose not improve or if it worsens, contact your doctor.
3. Special dietary instructions should be followed. Drinking beverages containing caffeine and smoking cigarettes can affect the action of Oxtriphylline. Tell your doctor if you change your use of these substances; your Oxtriphylline dose may need to be adjusted.
4. If you forget to take a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it and take any remaining doses for that day at evenly spaced intervals. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
5. If you become severely short of breath, contact your doctor.
Side Effects :
1. Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, abdominal cramps, loss of appetite. Take the medication with or immediately after meals or with an antacid or glass of liquid. If these problems persist, contact your doctor.
2. Headache, irritability, restlessness, nervousness, dizziness, frequent urination, twitching fingers and hands. If these effects are severe or persist, contact your doctor.
3. Insomnia, fast heartbeat, palpitations, fast breathing. Contact your doctor; your dose may need to be adjusted.
4. Skin rash. Contact your doctor immediately.
5. Overdose symptoms are unusual behavior, palpitations, irregular heartbeat, slight fever, fast breathing, sweating, extreme thirst, ringing ears, muscle twitching, frequent vomiting, seizures. Contact your doctor immediately.
Other Precautions :
1. Before taking oxtriphylline, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking, especially allopurinol, cimetidine, digoxin, erythromycin, lithium, propranolol, oral contraceptives, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, phenytoin, and medication for colds, allergies, or asthma.
2. Many nonprescription medications for relief of asthma or breathing problems contain a drug called theophylline. Taking over-the-counter theophylline with prescription oxtriphylline can cause nervousness, insomnia, nausea and vomiting, or overdose.
3. To avoid taking these drugs together without realizing it, carefully check the labels or nonprescription medications you are taking to be sure that they do not contain theophylline.
4. Do not take nonprescription cold, allergy, or asthma medications containing ephedrine, epinephrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, or pseudoephedrine without consulting your doctor; these drugs can increase the side effects of oxtriphylline.
5. Before taking oxtriphylline, tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding or if you have glaucoma, ulcers, an overactive thyroid gland, diabetes, high blood pressure, or kidney, liver, heart, or blood vessel disease.
6. Do not allow anyone else to take this medication.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature, away from liquid and excess moisture.
TradeName : Choliphylline, Choline theophyllinate
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oxtriphylline, a bronchodilator, relaxes and opens the air passages to the lungs, making it easier to breathe. It relieves shortness of breath, wheezing, and difficulty breathing caused by asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema. It also suppresses asthma caused by exercise.
When it is to be taken : Oxtriphylline usually is taken every 6,8, or 12 hours. Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand. Oxtriphylline must be taken regularly to be effective. You may need to take it for a long time. Do not stop taking it without consulting your doctor; stopping the drug can make your condition worse.
How it should be taken :
1. Oxtriphylline comes in the form of coated and sustained-action tablets and oral liquid. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose.
2. Take this medication with a full glass of water on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minut
Special Instruction :
1. Take Oxtriphylline exactly as your doctor has instructed. It can be harmful if you take more of it or take it more often than as directed.
2. Keep all appointments with your doctor. Your doctor will want to evaluate your response to Oxtriphylline. If your condition dose not improve or if it worsens, contact your doctor.
3. Special dietary instructions should be followed. Drinking beverages containing caffeine and smoking cigarettes can affect the action of Oxtriphylline. Tell your doctor if you change your use of these substances; your Oxtriphylline dose may need to be adjusted.
4. If you forget to take a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it and take any remaining doses for that day at evenly spaced intervals. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
5. If you become severely short of breath, contact your doctor.
Side Effects :
1. Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, abdominal cramps, loss of appetite. Take the medication with or immediately after meals or with an antacid or glass of liquid. If these problems persist, contact your doctor.
2. Headache, irritability, restlessness, nervousness, dizziness, frequent urination, twitching fingers and hands. If these effects are severe or persist, contact your doctor.
3. Insomnia, fast heartbeat, palpitations, fast breathing. Contact your doctor; your dose may need to be adjusted.
4. Skin rash. Contact your doctor immediately.
5. Overdose symptoms are unusual behavior, palpitations, irregular heartbeat, slight fever, fast breathing, sweating, extreme thirst, ringing ears, muscle twitching, frequent vomiting, seizures. Contact your doctor immediately.
Other Precautions :
1. Before taking oxtriphylline, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking, especially allopurinol, cimetidine, digoxin, erythromycin, lithium, propranolol, oral contraceptives, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, phenytoin, and medication for colds, allergies, or asthma.
2. Many nonprescription medications for relief of asthma or breathing problems contain a drug called theophylline. Taking over-the-counter theophylline with prescription oxtriphylline can cause nervousness, insomnia, nausea and vomiting, or overdose.
3. To avoid taking these drugs together without realizing it, carefully check the labels or nonprescription medications you are taking to be sure that they do not contain theophylline.
4. Do not take nonprescription cold, allergy, or asthma medications containing ephedrine, epinephrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, or pseudoephedrine without consulting your doctor; these drugs can increase the side effects of oxtriphylline.
5. Before taking oxtriphylline, tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding or if you have glaucoma, ulcers, an overactive thyroid gland, diabetes, high blood pressure, or kidney, liver, heart, or blood vessel disease.
6. Do not allow anyone else to take this medication.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature, away from liquid and excess moisture.
Oxazepam
Generic Name : Oxazepam
TradeName : Serepax
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oxazepam is used to relieve anxiety. It also is used to control agitation caused by alcohol withdrawal.
When it is to be taken : Oxazepam usually is taken three to four times a day. Follow the instructions on your prescription label, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand. Do not take oxazepam for more than four months.
How it should be taken : Oxazepam comes in the form of capsules and tablets. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose.
Special Instruction :
1. Oxazepam can decrease alertness and coordination. Do not drive a car or operate dangerous machinery until you know how this drug affects you.
2. Because oxazepam can be habit-forming, do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than as directed.
3. Do not stop taking this drug without consulting your doctor, especially if you have been taking it for a long time.
4. Stopping the drug abruptly can worsen your condition and cause withdrawal symptoms.
5. Your doctor probably will want to decrease your dose gradually. Keep all appointments with your doctor
and the laboratory. Your dose may need to be adjusted occasionally, and you may have blood tests periodically.
6. if you forget to take a dose, do not take a missed dose when you remember it. Omit it completely; then take the next dose at the regularly scheduled time.
Side Effects :
1. Drowsiness, muscle incoordination, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, confusion, faintness. If these effects persist for more than a few days, contact your doctor.
2. Talkativeness, restlessness, excitement, trembling, muscle spasms, sleeping problems, nightmares. Stop taking the drug and contact your doctor immediately.
Other Precautions :
1. Women who are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, think they may be pregnant, or are breast-feeding should inform their doctors. If you become pregnant while taking oxazepam, contact your doctor immediately.
2. Before you take this drug, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking, including digoxin, levodopa, seizure medication, sleeping pills, prescription pain medication, medication for depression, barbiturates, tranquilizers, sedatives, antihistamines, and medication for allergies and colds.
3. Do not smoke while taking oxazepam. Smoking can decrease its effectiveness.
4. Do not drink alcoholic beverages. Alcohol can add to the drowsiness and dizziness caused by this drug.
5. If you have kidney or liver disease or are allergic to aspirin or tartrazine, tell your doctor before you take this drug.
6. Do not allow anyone else to take this medication.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature, away from excess heat.
TradeName : Serepax
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oxazepam is used to relieve anxiety. It also is used to control agitation caused by alcohol withdrawal.
When it is to be taken : Oxazepam usually is taken three to four times a day. Follow the instructions on your prescription label, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand. Do not take oxazepam for more than four months.
How it should be taken : Oxazepam comes in the form of capsules and tablets. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose.
Special Instruction :
1. Oxazepam can decrease alertness and coordination. Do not drive a car or operate dangerous machinery until you know how this drug affects you.
2. Because oxazepam can be habit-forming, do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than as directed.
3. Do not stop taking this drug without consulting your doctor, especially if you have been taking it for a long time.
4. Stopping the drug abruptly can worsen your condition and cause withdrawal symptoms.
5. Your doctor probably will want to decrease your dose gradually. Keep all appointments with your doctor
and the laboratory. Your dose may need to be adjusted occasionally, and you may have blood tests periodically.
6. if you forget to take a dose, do not take a missed dose when you remember it. Omit it completely; then take the next dose at the regularly scheduled time.
Side Effects :
1. Drowsiness, muscle incoordination, fatigue, weakness, dizziness, confusion, faintness. If these effects persist for more than a few days, contact your doctor.
2. Talkativeness, restlessness, excitement, trembling, muscle spasms, sleeping problems, nightmares. Stop taking the drug and contact your doctor immediately.
Other Precautions :
1. Women who are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, think they may be pregnant, or are breast-feeding should inform their doctors. If you become pregnant while taking oxazepam, contact your doctor immediately.
2. Before you take this drug, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking, including digoxin, levodopa, seizure medication, sleeping pills, prescription pain medication, medication for depression, barbiturates, tranquilizers, sedatives, antihistamines, and medication for allergies and colds.
3. Do not smoke while taking oxazepam. Smoking can decrease its effectiveness.
4. Do not drink alcoholic beverages. Alcohol can add to the drowsiness and dizziness caused by this drug.
5. If you have kidney or liver disease or are allergic to aspirin or tartrazine, tell your doctor before you take this drug.
6. Do not allow anyone else to take this medication.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature, away from excess heat.
Oxaliplatin
Generic Name : Oxaliplatin
TradeName : DACPLAT, Eloxatin
Overview :
• Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based drug used in the treatment of cancer.
• Its exact method of functioning remains unclear.
• The active form of this cytotoxic drug inhibits DNA replication, leading to cell death and impaired tumor growth.
• It is available as 50 mg or 100 mg of sterile, preservative-free lyophilized powder for reconstitution.
• When dissolved it appears as a colorless fluid
Why it is prescribed (Indications) :
• It is used in combination with infusional 5- Fluorouracil/ Leucovorin to treat patients who have undergone surgery for colo-rectal cancer.
• It is used for treatment of advanced carcinoma of the colon or rectum.
• Oxaliplatin is also used to treat late-stage ovarian cancer
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) :
• Oxalitoxin is not given to patients who have a known history of hypersensitivity to Oxaliplatin.
• Not recommended for breast- feeding mothers.
• Not suitable for patients who have myelosuppression, evidenced by a baseline neutrophile value of less than 2x109/l and platelet count of less than 100x109/l.
• Not given to patients who have peripheral sensitive neuropathy (a disease of the nervous system that affects legs and feet), with associated functional impairment.
• Not recommended for patients with severely impaired renal function.
How it should be taken :
• On day 1
- Oxaliplatin is given as 85mg/m2 infusion in 250-500ml 5% Dextrose in Water solution
- This is given along with Leucovorin 200mg/m2 infusion in 5% Dextrose in Water for over 120 minutes simultaneously.
- This is followed by 400mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil given over 2-4 minutes.
- Later, 600mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil in 500ml 5% Dextrose in Water (recommended) is given as a 22 hour infusion.
• On day 2,
- Leucovorin is given as a 200mg/m2 infusion in 5% Dextrose in Water for over 120 minutes.
- This is followed by 400mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil, given over 2-4 minutes.
- Following this, 600mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil in 500ml 5% Dextrose in Water (recommended)is given as a 22 hour infusion.
• This 2 day cycle is repeated for every 2 weeks for a total of 6 months i.e. 12 cycles.
Special Instruction :
• Patients taking drugs like cyclosporine or non- Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) e.g. ibuprofen, along with Oxaliplatin are at a higher risk of developing kidney problems.
• Amino glycosides, like Vancomycin, or NSAIDs taken with Oxaliplatin causes side –effects, like hearing loss.
Side Effects :
• Thrombosis
• Bruising/Bleeding
• Anemia
• Constipation
• Dizziness
• Hair loss
• Headache
• Neuropathy
• Heartburn
• Hearing Loss
• Nausea or Vomiting
• Redness or swelling at the injection site
• Lower resistance to infection
Other Precautions :
• Patients should be monitored for symptoms associated with neuropathy such as loss of sensation, tingling feeling, etc, as Oxaliplatin is said to cause peripheral neuropathy. These symptoms are exacerbated when patients are exposed to extreme hot or cold temperatures. Therefore patients are advised to protect themselves from extreme temperatures.
• Caution should be exercised when Oxaliplatin is advised for nursing mothers.
Storage Conditions :
• After the initial reconstitution of the lyophilized Oxaliplatin powder with water, the solution may be stored for 24 hours at 2-8°C.
• After the final dilution with 250-500 ml of 5% Dextrose, the shelf life is 6 hours at room temperature or 24 hours at 2-8°C.
• Oxaliplatin is not light- sensitive.
TradeName : DACPLAT, Eloxatin
Overview :
• Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based drug used in the treatment of cancer.
• Its exact method of functioning remains unclear.
• The active form of this cytotoxic drug inhibits DNA replication, leading to cell death and impaired tumor growth.
• It is available as 50 mg or 100 mg of sterile, preservative-free lyophilized powder for reconstitution.
• When dissolved it appears as a colorless fluid
Why it is prescribed (Indications) :
• It is used in combination with infusional 5- Fluorouracil/ Leucovorin to treat patients who have undergone surgery for colo-rectal cancer.
• It is used for treatment of advanced carcinoma of the colon or rectum.
• Oxaliplatin is also used to treat late-stage ovarian cancer
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) :
• Oxalitoxin is not given to patients who have a known history of hypersensitivity to Oxaliplatin.
• Not recommended for breast- feeding mothers.
• Not suitable for patients who have myelosuppression, evidenced by a baseline neutrophile value of less than 2x109/l and platelet count of less than 100x109/l.
• Not given to patients who have peripheral sensitive neuropathy (a disease of the nervous system that affects legs and feet), with associated functional impairment.
• Not recommended for patients with severely impaired renal function.
How it should be taken :
• On day 1
- Oxaliplatin is given as 85mg/m2 infusion in 250-500ml 5% Dextrose in Water solution
- This is given along with Leucovorin 200mg/m2 infusion in 5% Dextrose in Water for over 120 minutes simultaneously.
- This is followed by 400mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil given over 2-4 minutes.
- Later, 600mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil in 500ml 5% Dextrose in Water (recommended) is given as a 22 hour infusion.
• On day 2,
- Leucovorin is given as a 200mg/m2 infusion in 5% Dextrose in Water for over 120 minutes.
- This is followed by 400mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil, given over 2-4 minutes.
- Following this, 600mg/m2 of 5- Fluorouracil in 500ml 5% Dextrose in Water (recommended)is given as a 22 hour infusion.
• This 2 day cycle is repeated for every 2 weeks for a total of 6 months i.e. 12 cycles.
Special Instruction :
• Patients taking drugs like cyclosporine or non- Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) e.g. ibuprofen, along with Oxaliplatin are at a higher risk of developing kidney problems.
• Amino glycosides, like Vancomycin, or NSAIDs taken with Oxaliplatin causes side –effects, like hearing loss.
Side Effects :
• Thrombosis
• Bruising/Bleeding
• Anemia
• Constipation
• Dizziness
• Hair loss
• Headache
• Neuropathy
• Heartburn
• Hearing Loss
• Nausea or Vomiting
• Redness or swelling at the injection site
• Lower resistance to infection
Other Precautions :
• Patients should be monitored for symptoms associated with neuropathy such as loss of sensation, tingling feeling, etc, as Oxaliplatin is said to cause peripheral neuropathy. These symptoms are exacerbated when patients are exposed to extreme hot or cold temperatures. Therefore patients are advised to protect themselves from extreme temperatures.
• Caution should be exercised when Oxaliplatin is advised for nursing mothers.
Storage Conditions :
• After the initial reconstitution of the lyophilized Oxaliplatin powder with water, the solution may be stored for 24 hours at 2-8°C.
• After the final dilution with 250-500 ml of 5% Dextrose, the shelf life is 6 hours at room temperature or 24 hours at 2-8°C.
• Oxaliplatin is not light- sensitive.
Orphenandrine
Generic Name : Orphenandrine
TradeName : Orphipal
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This drug inhibits the central cholergenic excess due to Dopamine
deficiency and is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and drug induced extrapyramidal syndrome
When it is to be taken : 150mg daily in divided doses increased by 50mg every 2-3 days.Maintenance dose of 150-300mg daily.
How it should be taken : Taken orally as tablets.
Special Instruction :
To be used wirh caution in elderly people,pregnancy and lactation.
Side Effects :
Dizziness,weakness,Gastrointestinal symptoms,urinary retention,blurred vision.
Other Precautions :
Contraindicated in glaucoma,prostatic hypertrophy and pyloric stenosis.
Storage Conditions :
Store in airtight cool place.
TradeName : Orphipal
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This drug inhibits the central cholergenic excess due to Dopamine
deficiency and is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and drug induced extrapyramidal syndrome
When it is to be taken : 150mg daily in divided doses increased by 50mg every 2-3 days.Maintenance dose of 150-300mg daily.
How it should be taken : Taken orally as tablets.
Special Instruction :
To be used wirh caution in elderly people,pregnancy and lactation.
Side Effects :
Dizziness,weakness,Gastrointestinal symptoms,urinary retention,blurred vision.
Other Precautions :
Contraindicated in glaucoma,prostatic hypertrophy and pyloric stenosis.
Storage Conditions :
Store in airtight cool place.
Orlistat
Generic Name : Orlistat
TradeName : STATOR, ARPITOR, ASTIN, ATCHOL
Overview : Orlistat is used for controlling obesity in overweight adults. It is also used to prevent the risk of weight gain after previous weight loss.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor which works by blocking the digestion of fats from the diet.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Avoid using Orlistat if you are allergic to any ingredient in Orlistat, If you have problems absorbing food or bile flow problems, If you underwent an organ transplant, If you are take cyclosporine.
When it is to be taken : Adults and Children 12 yr of age and older PO 120 mg 3 times daily with each main meal containing fat, during or up to 1 h after meal. OTC Adults PO 60 mg with each fat-containing meal (max, 3 doses daily).
Missed a Dose? :
Take the missed dose within1 hour after eating a meal. If it has been more than one hour skip the missed dose and take the medication at your next regularly scheduled time. Avoid taking two pills at a time.
How it should be taken : It comes in the form of 60mg and 120 mgs tablets. • Take Orlistat by mouth with each fat containing meal. Avoid taking more than 3 capsules daily. • Incase you miss your meal do not take Orlistat . • Orlistat can reduce absorption of vitamins
. Take a multivitamin once a day at bedtime after consulting your doctor.
Special Instruction :
Inform to the doctor if you have complains of hypersensitivity to this drug and acute liver diseases. Orlistat increases the risk of kidney stones. Patients already having renal stones should ese it with caution. In diabetic patients, weight-loss is likely to reduce the blood sugar levels. The safety and efficacy of Orlistat in younger children less than 12 years have not been established.
Side Effects :
Abdominal pain,nausea,vomitting,hypo and hyperglycemia,chest pain,incontinence,oily spotting in undergarments, loose stools, inability to control bowel movements, an increased number of bowel movements, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal pain.
Other Precautions :
Patients are advised to report promptly unexplained muscle pain,tenderness or weakness,It should not be used with antacids as the drug interaction stake place.Contraindicated in pregnany and lactation.It may be used with caution in elderly.
Drug Interactions :
Before taking orlistat, consult with your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs: • cyclosporine, • digoxin, • Anticoagulant such as warfarin
Storage Conditions :
Store at room temperature in a tight container.
TradeName : STATOR, ARPITOR, ASTIN, ATCHOL
Overview : Orlistat is used for controlling obesity in overweight adults. It is also used to prevent the risk of weight gain after previous weight loss.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor which works by blocking the digestion of fats from the diet.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Avoid using Orlistat if you are allergic to any ingredient in Orlistat, If you have problems absorbing food or bile flow problems, If you underwent an organ transplant, If you are take cyclosporine.
When it is to be taken : Adults and Children 12 yr of age and older PO 120 mg 3 times daily with each main meal containing fat, during or up to 1 h after meal. OTC Adults PO 60 mg with each fat-containing meal (max, 3 doses daily).
Missed a Dose? :
Take the missed dose within1 hour after eating a meal. If it has been more than one hour skip the missed dose and take the medication at your next regularly scheduled time. Avoid taking two pills at a time.
How it should be taken : It comes in the form of 60mg and 120 mgs tablets. • Take Orlistat by mouth with each fat containing meal. Avoid taking more than 3 capsules daily. • Incase you miss your meal do not take Orlistat . • Orlistat can reduce absorption of vitamins
. Take a multivitamin once a day at bedtime after consulting your doctor.
Special Instruction :
Inform to the doctor if you have complains of hypersensitivity to this drug and acute liver diseases. Orlistat increases the risk of kidney stones. Patients already having renal stones should ese it with caution. In diabetic patients, weight-loss is likely to reduce the blood sugar levels. The safety and efficacy of Orlistat in younger children less than 12 years have not been established.
Side Effects :
Abdominal pain,nausea,vomitting,hypo and hyperglycemia,chest pain,incontinence,oily spotting in undergarments, loose stools, inability to control bowel movements, an increased number of bowel movements, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal pain.
Other Precautions :
Patients are advised to report promptly unexplained muscle pain,tenderness or weakness,It should not be used with antacids as the drug interaction stake place.Contraindicated in pregnany and lactation.It may be used with caution in elderly.
Drug Interactions :
Before taking orlistat, consult with your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs: • cyclosporine, • digoxin, • Anticoagulant such as warfarin
Storage Conditions :
Store at room temperature in a tight container.
Oral Iron formulations
Generic Name : Oral Iron formulations
TradeName : ADIRON, AGLOW FE, ALAMIN FeZ, ALOHA, ANEMIDOX, ASTYFER, ASTFER-Z, AUTRIN, BIOFER, BIOFERUM FORTE, BLUSH, CAFEKIT, CALSUS, CAPSOVIT, CARBITONE, CARBOFER-Z, COMRON, CONVIRON TR, DEFERON, DEXORANGE, DUROVIT
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Deficiency of iron results in reduced haemoglobin levels and anaemia occurs. Afetr confirmation of iron deficiency, iron therapy can be given. Generally oral iron thearpybis given unless the patient is suffereing form severe anaemia, malabsorbtion syndrome, or showing adverse efefcts to oral iron therapy.
When it is to be taken : Nutritional iron deficiency anaemia, Other causes in which iron deficiency can occur are: Pregnancy, Lactation, infants, children. In pateints with malabsorbtion syndrome, patients who are taking NSAIDs for a long period, patients with chronic inflammatory disease and in patints of gastrectomy. Preparations of iron alone or in combination with Vitamin B 12, folic acid or other vitamins are available.
How it should be taken : Adults: Ferrous Sulphate: 200- 600 mg daily. Ferrous Gluconate: 300- 120 mg daily. Ferrous fumarate: 100-300 mg daily. Children: 3 to 6 mg/kg/day in 2 to 3 divided doses of iron.
Special Instruction :
Contraindications: Haemolytic anaemias, haemochromatosis, haemosiderosis.
Side Effects :
Oral iron: Nausea, epigastric distress, diarrhoea, constipation, black stools. Parentral Iron: Local pain, fever, light headedness, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia, malaise, urticaria, headache and rarely anaphylactic reaction.
Other Precautions :
Occasional GI discomfort e.g. nausea, may be minimised by taking with meals and by slowly increasing to the recommended dosage. To discontinue use if symptoms of intolerance occur.
Storage Conditions :
It is important to keep iron supplements tightly capped and away from childrens reach
TradeName : ADIRON, AGLOW FE, ALAMIN FeZ, ALOHA, ANEMIDOX, ASTYFER, ASTFER-Z, AUTRIN, BIOFER, BIOFERUM FORTE, BLUSH, CAFEKIT, CALSUS, CAPSOVIT, CARBITONE, CARBOFER-Z, COMRON, CONVIRON TR, DEFERON, DEXORANGE, DUROVIT
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Deficiency of iron results in reduced haemoglobin levels and anaemia occurs. Afetr confirmation of iron deficiency, iron therapy can be given. Generally oral iron thearpybis given unless the patient is suffereing form severe anaemia, malabsorbtion syndrome, or showing adverse efefcts to oral iron therapy.
When it is to be taken : Nutritional iron deficiency anaemia, Other causes in which iron deficiency can occur are: Pregnancy, Lactation, infants, children. In pateints with malabsorbtion syndrome, patients who are taking NSAIDs for a long period, patients with chronic inflammatory disease and in patints of gastrectomy. Preparations of iron alone or in combination with Vitamin B 12, folic acid or other vitamins are available.
How it should be taken : Adults: Ferrous Sulphate: 200- 600 mg daily. Ferrous Gluconate: 300- 120 mg daily. Ferrous fumarate: 100-300 mg daily. Children: 3 to 6 mg/kg/day in 2 to 3 divided doses of iron.
Special Instruction :
Contraindications: Haemolytic anaemias, haemochromatosis, haemosiderosis.
Side Effects :
Oral iron: Nausea, epigastric distress, diarrhoea, constipation, black stools. Parentral Iron: Local pain, fever, light headedness, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia, malaise, urticaria, headache and rarely anaphylactic reaction.
Other Precautions :
Occasional GI discomfort e.g. nausea, may be minimised by taking with meals and by slowly increasing to the recommended dosage. To discontinue use if symptoms of intolerance occur.
Storage Conditions :
It is important to keep iron supplements tightly capped and away from childrens reach
Oofloxacin
Generic Name : Oofloxacin
TradeName : EMUCIN DPS, ENTOF DPS, EXOCIN DPS, OCUCIN, OFLACIN DPS, OFLOREN DPS, OFLUX DPS, OFLOZEN DPS, OXO DPS, TISOL DPS, ZANOCIN EYE, Z ANOVID DPS.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : They inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme which is required for DNA replication and thus cause bacterial lysis.
When it is to be taken : Instill 1-2 drops on to affected eye(s) every 4 hrs. Severe inf: 2 drops hourly until improvement is obtained. Not recommended in children.
How it should be taken : It comes in the form of 5ml drops & 10ml drops.
Special Instruction :
To stop treatment if irritation persists.
Side Effects :
Itching & discomfort.
Other Precautions :
Hypersensitivity may develop.
Storage Conditions :
Store at 25-30°C
TradeName : EMUCIN DPS, ENTOF DPS, EXOCIN DPS, OCUCIN, OFLACIN DPS, OFLOREN DPS, OFLUX DPS, OFLOZEN DPS, OXO DPS, TISOL DPS, ZANOCIN EYE, Z ANOVID DPS.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : They inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme which is required for DNA replication and thus cause bacterial lysis.
When it is to be taken : Instill 1-2 drops on to affected eye(s) every 4 hrs. Severe inf: 2 drops hourly until improvement is obtained. Not recommended in children.
How it should be taken : It comes in the form of 5ml drops & 10ml drops.
Special Instruction :
To stop treatment if irritation persists.
Side Effects :
Itching & discomfort.
Other Precautions :
Hypersensitivity may develop.
Storage Conditions :
Store at 25-30°C
ONDANSETRON
Generic Name : ONDANSETRON
TradeName : ADOM-O INJ amp AFON MD-tab ANSECARE inj ANSECARE MD-tab ANSET inj ANSET syr ANSET tab BACK2NORM amp C-TRON film-coated tab C-TRON syr DANSET tab DASIN inj DENTRON inj DOMI-UP inj DOMI-UP syr DOMI-UP tab DONSET inj DONSETRON film-coated tab DORAN-O INJ inj DORAN-O tab DOTSON inj DOTSON MD-tab DUTRON syr ELDON inj EMERAN inj EMERAN tab EMESET amp EMESET film-coated tab EMESET syr EMESTAL-O syr EMESTAL-O tab EMESTOP tab EMIGO inj EMIGO syr EMIGO tab EMITINO MD-tab EMITINO syr EMITINO vial EMITUS inj EMITUS MD-tab EMITUS syr EMSETRON inj EMSETRON tab EMSTAL susp EMSTAL tab E-ON amp FLEXI inj FLEXI syr FLEXI tab FODINO amp GENDEM-MD MD-tab GLENDAN syr GLENDAN tab GLOTRON amp KANSET amp KANSET syr KANSET-4 tab KERON tab K-TRON INJ amp K-TRON syr K-TRON tab LUPISETRON 4 inj LUPISETRON inj LUPISETRON PLUS tab LUPISETRON tab MONDA amp MONDA syr MYSET inj MYTIC inj MYTIC syr MYTIC-MD tab NAUCET INJ inj NAUCID inj NAUCID syr NAUCID tab NAUCID vial NEOMIT inj NEOMIT tab NITRON amp NITRON MD-tab NOSIRID drops NOSIRID MDtab
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This medication is prescribed for nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. It is in a class of medications called 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. It blocks serotonin receptors in the vomiting center and on nerves supplying the digestive system.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Use with apomorphine (profound hypotension).
When it is to be taken : Oral: Prevention of post-op nausea and vomiting 16 mg 1 hour before anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy 24 mg as a single dose 30 minutes before start of single-day chemotherapy. Less emetogenic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: 8 mg 2 hr before treatment followed by 8 mg 8-12 hr later.
How it should be taken : It comes as a tablet, a rapidly disintegrating (dissolving) tablet, and an oral solution to take by mouth, and injection administered intravenously. The first dose of ondansetron is usually taken 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy, 1 to 2 hours before the start of radiation therapy, or 1 hour before surgery. Additional doses are sometimes taken one to three times a day during chemotherapy or radiation therapy and for 1 to 2 days after the end of treatment.
Special Instruction :
*It may affect heart rhythm, cause severe liver impairment. *Caution need when used in cardiac diseases, patients who are on medications that can prolong QT or patients with electrolyte abnormalities, during pregnancy and breast feeding. * It may mask progressive ileus and/or gastric distension.
Side Effects :
HEART- Chest pain, tachycardia.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM- Headache, seizures, dizziness.
SKIN- Rash.
GI- Dry mouth, constipation, abdominal pain.
METABOLIC- Low potassium in blood, increased level of liver enzymes.
RESPIRATORY- Asthma.
GENITOURINARY- Gynecological disorder, urinary retention.
MISCELLANEOUS- Fever, anaphylaxis, weakness.
Other Precautions :
Do not change the dose, without consulting with your doctor
.
Storage Conditions : Oral: Oral solution: Store at 15-30 °C. Protect from light. Tablet: Store at 2-30°C.
TradeName : ADOM-O INJ amp AFON MD-tab ANSECARE inj ANSECARE MD-tab ANSET inj ANSET syr ANSET tab BACK2NORM amp C-TRON film-coated tab C-TRON syr DANSET tab DASIN inj DENTRON inj DOMI-UP inj DOMI-UP syr DOMI-UP tab DONSET inj DONSETRON film-coated tab DORAN-O INJ inj DORAN-O tab DOTSON inj DOTSON MD-tab DUTRON syr ELDON inj EMERAN inj EMERAN tab EMESET amp EMESET film-coated tab EMESET syr EMESTAL-O syr EMESTAL-O tab EMESTOP tab EMIGO inj EMIGO syr EMIGO tab EMITINO MD-tab EMITINO syr EMITINO vial EMITUS inj EMITUS MD-tab EMITUS syr EMSETRON inj EMSETRON tab EMSTAL susp EMSTAL tab E-ON amp FLEXI inj FLEXI syr FLEXI tab FODINO amp GENDEM-MD MD-tab GLENDAN syr GLENDAN tab GLOTRON amp KANSET amp KANSET syr KANSET-4 tab KERON tab K-TRON INJ amp K-TRON syr K-TRON tab LUPISETRON 4 inj LUPISETRON inj LUPISETRON PLUS tab LUPISETRON tab MONDA amp MONDA syr MYSET inj MYTIC inj MYTIC syr MYTIC-MD tab NAUCET INJ inj NAUCID inj NAUCID syr NAUCID tab NAUCID vial NEOMIT inj NEOMIT tab NITRON amp NITRON MD-tab NOSIRID drops NOSIRID MDtab
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This medication is prescribed for nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. It is in a class of medications called 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. It blocks serotonin receptors in the vomiting center and on nerves supplying the digestive system.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Use with apomorphine (profound hypotension).
When it is to be taken : Oral: Prevention of post-op nausea and vomiting 16 mg 1 hour before anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy 24 mg as a single dose 30 minutes before start of single-day chemotherapy. Less emetogenic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: 8 mg 2 hr before treatment followed by 8 mg 8-12 hr later.
How it should be taken : It comes as a tablet, a rapidly disintegrating (dissolving) tablet, and an oral solution to take by mouth, and injection administered intravenously. The first dose of ondansetron is usually taken 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy, 1 to 2 hours before the start of radiation therapy, or 1 hour before surgery. Additional doses are sometimes taken one to three times a day during chemotherapy or radiation therapy and for 1 to 2 days after the end of treatment.
Special Instruction :
*It may affect heart rhythm, cause severe liver impairment. *Caution need when used in cardiac diseases, patients who are on medications that can prolong QT or patients with electrolyte abnormalities, during pregnancy and breast feeding. * It may mask progressive ileus and/or gastric distension.
Side Effects :
HEART- Chest pain, tachycardia.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM- Headache, seizures, dizziness.
SKIN- Rash.
GI- Dry mouth, constipation, abdominal pain.
METABOLIC- Low potassium in blood, increased level of liver enzymes.
RESPIRATORY- Asthma.
GENITOURINARY- Gynecological disorder, urinary retention.
MISCELLANEOUS- Fever, anaphylaxis, weakness.
Other Precautions :
Do not change the dose, without consulting with your doctor
.
Storage Conditions : Oral: Oral solution: Store at 15-30 °C. Protect from light. Tablet: Store at 2-30°C.
Omeprazole
Generic Name : Omeprazole
TradeName : Biocid, Coszol, Coszol-10, Cozep, Lokit, Lomac, Loress, Menzol-20, Metaloc, Nilsec, Ocid, Olit, Omecid, Omegord, Omepral, Omepraz, Omepren, Omez, Omezol, Omicap, Omind, Omizac, Omlink, Onocid, Opaz, Promisec, Protoloc, Protocid, Resec, Romesec, Siozole, Ulzol, Wincid, Zepep, Zolcer,
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Omeprazole decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. It is used to treat some conditions in which the stomach produces too much acid.
When it is to be taken : Omeprazole is usually taken once a day, before a meal. Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand.
How it should be taken : Omeprazole comes in the form of capsules. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose. Do not open, crush, break, or chew the capsules. Swallow them whole.
Special Instruction :
1. Keep all appointments with your doctor so that your response to this medication can be checked.
2. Do not smoke while taking omeprazole. Smoking can decrease its effectiveness.
3.If you forget to take a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, take only the scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Side Effects :
Headache, diarrhoea or constipation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, cough, cold symptoms, dizziness, rash. If these problems are severe or persist, contact your doctor.
Other Precautions :
1. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should inform their doctors before taking omeprazole.
2. Before taking omeprazole, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially diazepam, warfarin, phenytoin, ketoconazole, ampicillin, and iron.
3. Tell your doctor if you have liver disease.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature, away from heat and light.
TradeName : Biocid, Coszol, Coszol-10, Cozep, Lokit, Lomac, Loress, Menzol-20, Metaloc, Nilsec, Ocid, Olit, Omecid, Omegord, Omepral, Omepraz, Omepren, Omez, Omezol, Omicap, Omind, Omizac, Omlink, Onocid, Opaz, Promisec, Protoloc, Protocid, Resec, Romesec, Siozole, Ulzol, Wincid, Zepep, Zolcer,
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Omeprazole decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. It is used to treat some conditions in which the stomach produces too much acid.
When it is to be taken : Omeprazole is usually taken once a day, before a meal. Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor to explain any part that you do not understand.
How it should be taken : Omeprazole comes in the form of capsules. Your prescription label tells you how much to take at each dose. Do not open, crush, break, or chew the capsules. Swallow them whole.
Special Instruction :
1. Keep all appointments with your doctor so that your response to this medication can be checked.
2. Do not smoke while taking omeprazole. Smoking can decrease its effectiveness.
3.If you forget to take a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, take only the scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Side Effects :
Headache, diarrhoea or constipation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, cough, cold symptoms, dizziness, rash. If these problems are severe or persist, contact your doctor.
Other Precautions :
1. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should inform their doctors before taking omeprazole.
2. Before taking omeprazole, tell your doctor what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially diazepam, warfarin, phenytoin, ketoconazole, ampicillin, and iron.
3. Tell your doctor if you have liver disease.
Storage Conditions :
1. Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children.
2. Store it at room temperature, away from heat and light.
Olopatadine
Generic Name : Olopatadine
TradeName : ALERCHEK eye drops DYNOLAP tab OLO eye drops OLODIN eye drops OPAT eye drops PATADAY eye drops PATANOL eye drops WINOLAP eye drops WINOLAP N-SPY nasal spray WINOLAP TAB tab
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This medication prescribed for symptoms of allergic pink eye (Allergic conjunctivitis). It is an antihistamine and blocks the histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Hypersensitivity; children less than 3 yr, pregnancy.
When it is to be taken : Adult: Olopatadine comes as an eye drop It is usually applied to the affected eye(s) twice a day, around 6 to 8 hours apart. Child: Greater than3 yr: As 0.1% solution: 1 or 2 drops in the affected eye(s) twice a day at an interval of 6-8 hr. alternatively, as a 0.2% solution: 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily.
How it should be taken : This medication available in the form of eye drop to apply to the eye. It is usually applied to the affected eye(s) twice a day, around 6 to 8 hours apart
Special Instruction :
*Remove your contact lenses before applying olopatadine and put them back 10 minutes later because olopatadine solution contains benzalkonium chloride, which can be absorbed by soft contact lenses.
Side Effects :
CNS: Weakness; headache; fatigue; somnolence; depression. GI: Bitter taste; nausea, taste perversion. Ophthalmic: Blurred vision; burning, dry eye, foreign body sensation, increase of blood flow, inflammation of cornea, swelling of eye lid, itching, stinging. Respiratory: Upper respiratory tract infection, throat pain, cough, inflammation of the nasopharynx. Miscellaneous: Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation, influenza, elevation of temperature, rash, UTI, flu syndrome, weight increase, nose bleed; nasal ulceration; postnasal drip; dry mouth, throat irritation; stuffy nose, sinus.
Other Precautions :
*Avoid using other eye medications not prescribed by your doctor.
Storage Conditions :
Ophthalmic: Store at 2-25°C. Keep in air tight container. Keep away from children.
TradeName : ALERCHEK eye drops DYNOLAP tab OLO eye drops OLODIN eye drops OPAT eye drops PATADAY eye drops PATANOL eye drops WINOLAP eye drops WINOLAP N-SPY nasal spray WINOLAP TAB tab
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This medication prescribed for symptoms of allergic pink eye (Allergic conjunctivitis). It is an antihistamine and blocks the histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Hypersensitivity; children less than 3 yr, pregnancy.
When it is to be taken : Adult: Olopatadine comes as an eye drop It is usually applied to the affected eye(s) twice a day, around 6 to 8 hours apart. Child: Greater than3 yr: As 0.1% solution: 1 or 2 drops in the affected eye(s) twice a day at an interval of 6-8 hr. alternatively, as a 0.2% solution: 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily.
How it should be taken : This medication available in the form of eye drop to apply to the eye. It is usually applied to the affected eye(s) twice a day, around 6 to 8 hours apart
Special Instruction :
*Remove your contact lenses before applying olopatadine and put them back 10 minutes later because olopatadine solution contains benzalkonium chloride, which can be absorbed by soft contact lenses.
Side Effects :
CNS: Weakness; headache; fatigue; somnolence; depression. GI: Bitter taste; nausea, taste perversion. Ophthalmic: Blurred vision; burning, dry eye, foreign body sensation, increase of blood flow, inflammation of cornea, swelling of eye lid, itching, stinging. Respiratory: Upper respiratory tract infection, throat pain, cough, inflammation of the nasopharynx. Miscellaneous: Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation, influenza, elevation of temperature, rash, UTI, flu syndrome, weight increase, nose bleed; nasal ulceration; postnasal drip; dry mouth, throat irritation; stuffy nose, sinus.
Other Precautions :
*Avoid using other eye medications not prescribed by your doctor.
Storage Conditions :
Ophthalmic: Store at 2-25°C. Keep in air tight container. Keep away from children.
OLANZAPINE
Generic Name : OLANZAPINE
TradeName : CINOL FORTE tab CINOL PLUS tab CINOL tab DOPIN TAB tab JOLYON-MD tab JOYZOL tab LANOPIN MD-tab MANZA tab MELTOLAN tab OLACE film-coated tab OLACE MDtab OLAN film-coated tab OLANDUS tab OLANEX F tab OLANEX INSTAB tab OLANEX tab OLAPAX tab OLAPIN tab OLEANZ RAPI-tab OLEANZ tab OLEXAR tab OLIMA film-coated tab OLIMA-7.5 tab OLIZA INJ inj OLIZA tab OLOREST-F tab OLPIN tab OLTAL tab OLZAP tab ONZA tab OPIN tab OPIRAP tab OZACE tab OZAP tab OZAPIN MD tab PINE tab POLANZ tab PSYCHOZAP tab SCHIZOL FORTE tab SCHIZOL PLUS tab SCHIZOL-MD MD-tab SKYZOL tab TOLAZ tab TOLAZ vial ZYPINE MD-tab
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This medication is prescribed for treating schizophrenia i.e. symptoms including hearing, seeing or sensing things that are not real, mistaken beliefs and thoughts, and problems dealing with other people. It is also used to control the excited moods and depressed moods of bipolar disorder. It blocks the receptors in the brain which are involved in the message transmission. Thus it controls over activity.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Hypersensitivity.
When it is to be taken : Schizophrenia Adult: Initially, 5-10 mg daily adjusted in steps of 5 mg, according to response. Usual range: 5-20 mg daily. Doses >10 mg should be given only after clinical reassessment. Max: 20 mg daily. Kidneyand liver impairment: Initiate at lower dose (5 mg) and increase cautiously. Oral Acute mixed or manic episodes in bipolar disorderAdult: Initially, 10 or 15 mg daily as monotherapy or 10 mg daily when used as part of combination therapy. Adjust dose in steps of 5 mg; usual range: 5-20 mg daily. For prevention of recurrence: Start with 10 mg daily. Kidneyand liver impairment: Initiate at lower dose (5 mg) and increase cautiously Intramuscular Rapid control of agitation and disturbed behavior in schizophrenia or mania Adult: Initially, 5-10 mg followed by 5-10 mg as required 2 hr later. Max: 3 inj per 24-hr period; max (including oral olanzapine): 20 mg/day. May give injections for up to 3 days but should transfer to oral therapy as soon as possible. Liver impairment: Dose adjustments may be needed.
How it should be taken : It comes as a tablet and an orally disintegrating tablet (tablet that dissolves quickly in the mouth) to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day with or without food.
Special Instruction :
Do not drink alcohol while you are using this medication. Do not become overheated in hot weather or while you are being active; heatstroke may occur. It may raise your blood sugar. High blood sugar may make you feel confused, drowsy, or thirsty. Monitor blood sugar regularly. It may develop muscle movements that you cannot control. This is more likely to happen in elderly patients, especially in women. Caution need for patients with history of blood disorder, bone marrow suppression, seizures; dementia; dyslipidaemia ( disruption in the amount of lipids in the blood). Hypotension, slow heart beat, hypoventilation. It may make you drowsy. Do not drive a car or operate machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
Side Effects :
HEART
Postural low blood pressure, increase in heart rate, hypertension, blood clot in pulmonary artery.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Drowsiness, symptoms due to increase in muscle tone such as rigidity, abnormal movements, Parkinson like state, movement disorder, loss of strength, dizziness, sleeplessness, personality disorder, tremor, abnormal gait, abnormal dreams, memory loss, delusions, emotional lability.
SKIN
Extravasation of blood into the skin, sweating.
EYE AND ENT
Stuffy nose, inflammation of pharynx, visual disturbance, inflammation of conjunctiva.
GI
Dry mouth, constipation, indigestion, nausea, increased appetite, vomiting, flatulence, increased salivation, increased thirst.
GENITOURINARY
Urinary incontinence, urinary tract infection, vaginal inflammation.
BLOOD
Decrease in the number of white blood cells.
LIVER
Elevated liver enzyme, elevated Creatine phosphokinase, inflammation of liver, jaundice.
HYPERSENSITIVITY
Allergic reactions including anaphylactoid reaction, rapid swelling (edema) of the dermis, itching, hives.
METABOLIC
Weight gain, peripheral edema, diabetic coma.
MUSCULOSKELETAL
Back pain, joint pain, joint stiffness and twitching.
RESPIRATORY
Increased cough, difficulty in breathing.
MISCELLANEOUS Accidental injury, fever, extremity pain, chest pain, dental pain, flu-like symptoms.
Other Precautions :
Monitor BP carefully. It may cause failure of kidney, liver, heart functions; diabetes, Parkinsonism, increase in size of prostate.
Storage Conditions :
Intramuscular: Store at 15-30°C. Store it in airtight container and keep away from children.
TradeName : CINOL FORTE tab CINOL PLUS tab CINOL tab DOPIN TAB tab JOLYON-MD tab JOYZOL tab LANOPIN MD-tab MANZA tab MELTOLAN tab OLACE film-coated tab OLACE MDtab OLAN film-coated tab OLANDUS tab OLANEX F tab OLANEX INSTAB tab OLANEX tab OLAPAX tab OLAPIN tab OLEANZ RAPI-tab OLEANZ tab OLEXAR tab OLIMA film-coated tab OLIMA-7.5 tab OLIZA INJ inj OLIZA tab OLOREST-F tab OLPIN tab OLTAL tab OLZAP tab ONZA tab OPIN tab OPIRAP tab OZACE tab OZAP tab OZAPIN MD tab PINE tab POLANZ tab PSYCHOZAP tab SCHIZOL FORTE tab SCHIZOL PLUS tab SCHIZOL-MD MD-tab SKYZOL tab TOLAZ tab TOLAZ vial ZYPINE MD-tab
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : This medication is prescribed for treating schizophrenia i.e. symptoms including hearing, seeing or sensing things that are not real, mistaken beliefs and thoughts, and problems dealing with other people. It is also used to control the excited moods and depressed moods of bipolar disorder. It blocks the receptors in the brain which are involved in the message transmission. Thus it controls over activity.
When it is not to be taken (Contraindications) : Hypersensitivity.
When it is to be taken : Schizophrenia Adult: Initially, 5-10 mg daily adjusted in steps of 5 mg, according to response. Usual range: 5-20 mg daily. Doses >10 mg should be given only after clinical reassessment. Max: 20 mg daily. Kidneyand liver impairment: Initiate at lower dose (5 mg) and increase cautiously. Oral Acute mixed or manic episodes in bipolar disorderAdult: Initially, 10 or 15 mg daily as monotherapy or 10 mg daily when used as part of combination therapy. Adjust dose in steps of 5 mg; usual range: 5-20 mg daily. For prevention of recurrence: Start with 10 mg daily. Kidneyand liver impairment: Initiate at lower dose (5 mg) and increase cautiously Intramuscular Rapid control of agitation and disturbed behavior in schizophrenia or mania Adult: Initially, 5-10 mg followed by 5-10 mg as required 2 hr later. Max: 3 inj per 24-hr period; max (including oral olanzapine): 20 mg/day. May give injections for up to 3 days but should transfer to oral therapy as soon as possible. Liver impairment: Dose adjustments may be needed.
How it should be taken : It comes as a tablet and an orally disintegrating tablet (tablet that dissolves quickly in the mouth) to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day with or without food.
Special Instruction :
Do not drink alcohol while you are using this medication. Do not become overheated in hot weather or while you are being active; heatstroke may occur. It may raise your blood sugar. High blood sugar may make you feel confused, drowsy, or thirsty. Monitor blood sugar regularly. It may develop muscle movements that you cannot control. This is more likely to happen in elderly patients, especially in women. Caution need for patients with history of blood disorder, bone marrow suppression, seizures; dementia; dyslipidaemia ( disruption in the amount of lipids in the blood). Hypotension, slow heart beat, hypoventilation. It may make you drowsy. Do not drive a car or operate machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
Side Effects :
HEART
Postural low blood pressure, increase in heart rate, hypertension, blood clot in pulmonary artery.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Drowsiness, symptoms due to increase in muscle tone such as rigidity, abnormal movements, Parkinson like state, movement disorder, loss of strength, dizziness, sleeplessness, personality disorder, tremor, abnormal gait, abnormal dreams, memory loss, delusions, emotional lability.
SKIN
Extravasation of blood into the skin, sweating.
EYE AND ENT
Stuffy nose, inflammation of pharynx, visual disturbance, inflammation of conjunctiva.
GI
Dry mouth, constipation, indigestion, nausea, increased appetite, vomiting, flatulence, increased salivation, increased thirst.
GENITOURINARY
Urinary incontinence, urinary tract infection, vaginal inflammation.
BLOOD
Decrease in the number of white blood cells.
LIVER
Elevated liver enzyme, elevated Creatine phosphokinase, inflammation of liver, jaundice.
HYPERSENSITIVITY
Allergic reactions including anaphylactoid reaction, rapid swelling (edema) of the dermis, itching, hives.
METABOLIC
Weight gain, peripheral edema, diabetic coma.
MUSCULOSKELETAL
Back pain, joint pain, joint stiffness and twitching.
RESPIRATORY
Increased cough, difficulty in breathing.
MISCELLANEOUS Accidental injury, fever, extremity pain, chest pain, dental pain, flu-like symptoms.
Other Precautions :
Monitor BP carefully. It may cause failure of kidney, liver, heart functions; diabetes, Parkinsonism, increase in size of prostate.
Storage Conditions :
Intramuscular: Store at 15-30°C. Store it in airtight container and keep away from children.
Oestradiol
Generic Name : Oestradiol
TradeName : E2 GEL, ESTRADERMTTS, ESTRADERMMX, ESTROFEM, ETS PATCH, SANDRENA GEL, SYSTEN 50.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oestrogens act by binding to nuclear oestrogen receptors. After activation oestrogen receptors bind to specific DNA sequences chromosome response elements that enhance transcription genes.
When it is to be taken : The usual dose is 1.5mg of oestradiol in 2.5g of gel OD. After 1 months of effective relief is not obtained the dosage may be increased up to maximum of 3mg daily. A maintenance dosage of 1g of gel, one to 3 times a week may be used. Apply gel to clean, dry, intact areas of skin, example arms, shoulders or inner thighs. The area of the application should be atleast 750cm2. Allow skin to dry for 5 minutes before covering with clothing.
How it should be taken : The medicine comes in the form of 3g tubes, 25, 50 & 100mcg patch.
Special Instruction :
Inform your doctor if you have carcinoma of endometrium, carcinoma of breast, hepatic damage, thrombosis, endomotrosis, vaginal bleeding of unknown causage.
Side Effects :
Breast discomfort, exasthema & local skin irritation.
Other Precautions :
Contraindicated in case of pregnancy
& use with caution in case of lactation.
TradeName : E2 GEL, ESTRADERMTTS, ESTRADERMMX, ESTROFEM, ETS PATCH, SANDRENA GEL, SYSTEN 50.
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : Oestrogens act by binding to nuclear oestrogen receptors. After activation oestrogen receptors bind to specific DNA sequences chromosome response elements that enhance transcription genes.
When it is to be taken : The usual dose is 1.5mg of oestradiol in 2.5g of gel OD. After 1 months of effective relief is not obtained the dosage may be increased up to maximum of 3mg daily. A maintenance dosage of 1g of gel, one to 3 times a week may be used. Apply gel to clean, dry, intact areas of skin, example arms, shoulders or inner thighs. The area of the application should be atleast 750cm2. Allow skin to dry for 5 minutes before covering with clothing.
How it should be taken : The medicine comes in the form of 3g tubes, 25, 50 & 100mcg patch.
Special Instruction :
Inform your doctor if you have carcinoma of endometrium, carcinoma of breast, hepatic damage, thrombosis, endomotrosis, vaginal bleeding of unknown causage.
Side Effects :
Breast discomfort, exasthema & local skin irritation.
Other Precautions :
Contraindicated in case of pregnancy
& use with caution in case of lactation.
Octreotide
Generic Name : Octreotide
TradeName : Actride,Sandostatin,Octride
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : It is a Growth Hormone Inhibitor, which also reduces the release of pancreatic polypeptides.It is used for
1.Treatment of Acromegaly
2.Prevention of post-operative complications of pancreatic surgery.
3.Management of secretary neoplasms(tumours).
When it is to be taken : The dosage and duration of treatment vary according to the condition being treated.
How it should be taken : The drug is available in the form of injection which is given sub-cutaneously.
Special Instruction :
1.The blood sugar of diabetic patients
must be monitored as the requirement of insulin decreases during treatment.
2.The injection must be given between meals to avoid gastro-intestinal disturbances.
Side Effects :
Stinging and pain at site of injection,nausea,vomiting,flatulence,diarrhoea,gallstones.
Other Precautions :
Contra-indicated during lactation,and hypersensitivity to Octreotide.
Storage Conditions :
To be stored under refridgeration.
TradeName : Actride,Sandostatin,Octride
Why it is prescribed (Indications) : It is a Growth Hormone Inhibitor, which also reduces the release of pancreatic polypeptides.It is used for
1.Treatment of Acromegaly
2.Prevention of post-operative complications of pancreatic surgery.
3.Management of secretary neoplasms(tumours).
When it is to be taken : The dosage and duration of treatment vary according to the condition being treated.
How it should be taken : The drug is available in the form of injection which is given sub-cutaneously.
Special Instruction :
1.The blood sugar of diabetic patients
must be monitored as the requirement of insulin decreases during treatment.
2.The injection must be given between meals to avoid gastro-intestinal disturbances.
Side Effects :
Stinging and pain at site of injection,nausea,vomiting,flatulence,diarrhoea,gallstones.
Other Precautions :
Contra-indicated during lactation,and hypersensitivity to Octreotide.
Storage Conditions :
To be stored under refridgeration.
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